Key Takeaways:
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- The escalating trade war risks disrupting $9.5 trillion in two-way trade and investment between the U.S. and Europe.
- U.S. affiliate sales in Europe and European affiliate sales in the U.S. far exceed direct trade flows, highlighting the broader economic stakes.
- Tariffs on goods like steel, aluminum, cars, and pharmaceuticals could spill over into services and trans-Atlantic investments.
- Policy uncertainty may deter future investments, impacting global supply chains and economic growth.
What Happened?
The U.S.-Europe trade war has escalated, with the U.S. imposing 25% tariffs on global steel and aluminum imports and threatening additional levies on European cars, pharmaceuticals, and other goods. In retaliation, the EU has proposed tariffs of up to 50% on American products like whiskey, while President Trump has threatened 200% tariffs on French Champagne and other European alcoholic beverages. The American Chamber of Commerce to the European Union (AmCham EU) warned that these measures could disrupt $9.5 trillion in two-way trade and investment, including $1.3 trillion in goods trade and $750 billion in services trade annually.
Why It Matters?
The trade war poses significant risks to the deeply interconnected U.S.-Europe economic relationship, which extends far beyond goods trade. U.S. affiliate sales in Europe and European affiliate sales in the U.S. are valued at over $7.5 trillion, dwarfing direct trade flows. Tariffs could disrupt supply chains, making it harder for companies to move parts and products across borders, while retaliatory measures could target services, where the U.S. has a trade surplus. Policy uncertainty may also deter future investments, undermining economic growth on both sides of the Atlantic. For investors, the trade war introduces risks to industries ranging from manufacturing to luxury goods, with potential ripple effects across global markets.
What’s Next?
The trade war is likely to intensify, with both sides threatening further tariffs. Investors should monitor developments in key sectors like automotive, pharmaceuticals, and luxury goods, which are at the center of tariff disputes. The potential for retaliatory measures targeting services could further escalate tensions. Additionally, the uncertainty surrounding trade policies may lead companies to delay or reduce trans-Atlantic investments, impacting long-term growth prospects. Policymakers on both sides will need to weigh the economic costs of continued escalation against the benefits of reaching a negotiated resolution.